Tag: Sustainable Agriculture

Enhancing Essential Grains Yield for Sustainable Food Security and Bio-Safe Agriculture through Latest Innovative Approaches

While feeding an expanding population is a central challenge, the authors explain that we must also safeguard the environment from the negative effects of climate change. They point out that food production and security are significant hurdles, as global output may need to double by 2050.

To meet this rising demand, the researchers highlight the need for more innovative approaches to increase the productivity of essential grains such as corn, wheat, rice, barley, and oats.The review focuses on how molecular technology and genetics can raise production and improve resource-efficient use of these important grains.

According to the study, red light management and genetic manipulation show the highest levels of yield enhancement, but other strategies are also effective. These include bacterial-nutrient management, solar brightening, and innovative systems for addressing abiotic stress.

The authors also cover fertilizer management, the reduction of harmful gas emissions, photosynthesis enhancement, and improvements in stress tolerance, disease resistance, and crop varieties. Ultimately, the study discusses the potential challenges and future perspectives of these advanced agricultural approaches.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071709

Reference:

Albahri, G., Alyamani, A. A., Badran, A., Hijazi, A., Nasser, M., Maresca, M., & Baydoun, E. (2023). Enhancing Essential Grains Yield for Sustainable Food Security and Bio-Safe Agriculture through Latest Innovative Approaches. Agronomy, 13(7), 1709.
RNA‐based biocontrol compounds: Current status and perspectives to reach the market

Facing current climate challenges and a reduction in chemical options for plant protection, the authors explain that RNA interference (RNAi) is being explored as a new solution for agricultural losses caused by pests and environmental stresses.

While the use of this technology is currently limited to a few transgenic crops in specific parts of the world, the researchers point out that scientists and industry are now developing RNA-based biocontrol compounds for external applications.

The study highlights an expanding research and development pipeline, as well as the commercial and regulatory landscape surrounding these compounds.

According to the authors, the involvement of both established agrochemical companies and start-ups is vital for turning these theories into practical tools. However, they note that the path to market requires standardized guidelines to resolve existing regulatory ambiguities.

Ultimately, the researchers conclude that the successful deployment of these RNA-based tools will depend on effective communication to build public awareness and acceptance.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5686

Reference:

Taning, C. N., Arpaia, S., Christiaens, O., Dietz‐Pfeilstetter, A., Jones, H., Mezzetti, B., Sabbadini, S., Sorteberg, H., Sweet, J., Ventura, V., & Smagghe, G. (2020). RNA‐based biocontrol compounds: Current status and perspectives to reach the market. Pest Management Science, 76(3), 841–845.
Allelopathy as a source of bioherbicides: Challenges and prospects for sustainable agriculture

Balancing crop productivity with environmental sustainability is a primary global challenge, particularly as weeds develop resistance to synthetic herbicides and cause significant economic losses. The authors explain that modern agriculture requires unconventional weed control strategies rooted in ecological principles to address environmental pollution and the depletion of natural resources.

The researchers point out that allelopathy—a natural phenomenon where an organism produces biochemicals that influence the growth and survival of others—can be integrated into weed management plans. According to the study, this can be achieved by growing specific crops or applying extracts containing these compounds to significantly reduce the use of synthetic inputs.

The review provides a comprehensive overview of the classification of allelochemicals and highlights recent advances in management practices and their underlying mechanisms. The authors argue that taking a holistic view of these chemicals supports an ecological approach to integrated weed control.

Ultimately, the study suggests that this research contributes to future multidisciplinary programs, the development of chemoinformatic tools, and the application of new biotechnology methods in plant breeding.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-023-09656-1

Reference:

Kostina-Bednarz, M., Płonka, J., & Barchanska, H. (2023). Allelopathy as a source of bioherbicides: Challenges and prospects for sustainable agriculture. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 22(2), 471–504.
Sustainable Agriculture and Its Implementation Gap—Overcoming Obstacles to Implementation

There is a considerable amount of bibliography addressing how farming can be more sustainable, yet there is still a massive difference between what we talk about and what actually gets done.

While there is no shortage of studies arguing that sustainable agriculture is necessary and showing how to reach it, a significant “implementation gap” remains. This gap is created by a mix of hurdles (ranging from personal beliefs to everyday practical issues) that slow down progress and make real-world changes difficult.

This study looks closely at these obstacles and searches for ways to move past them to improve how sustainable ideas are put into practice. Since these challenges are so complex and messy, there isn’t a simple or easy fix that works for everyone. Instead, we need a much bigger approach that involves everyone from different sectors.

This means focusing on areas like building better institutions, improving education, and securing the right social and political support. Ultimately, closing this gap and making these recommendations work requires people from different fields to work together and ensures that everyone involved is pulling in the same direction.

You can learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093853

Reference:

Siebrecht, N. (2020). Sustainable Agriculture and Its Implementation Gap—Overcoming Obstacles to Implementation. Sustainability, 12(9), 3853.
Manipulating Amino Acid Metabolism to Improve Crop Nitrogen Use Efficiency for a Sustainable Agriculture

While global food demand continues to rise, the author explains that improving how crops use nitrogen is essential for building a sustainable agricultural system. The researcher points out that the core challenge is to increase nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) while simultaneously reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to fields.

According to the study, although traditional genetic methods have identified certain areas of the genome that control nitrogen use under low-nutrient conditions, pinpointing the specific candidate genes from these mapping studies remains difficult.

The author highlights that amino acid metabolism is the “cornerstone” of nitrogen management in plants, as it governs how nitrogen is taken up, assimilated, and moved throughout the plant during its growth and response to stress.

Over the past twenty years, the study notes that biotechnological engineering of these metabolic pathways has shown promising results for improving crop efficiency, particularly in environments where nitrogen is scarce.

Ultimately, the review summarizes current progress in the field and offers new perspectives on identifying candidate genes and developing future strategies for crop improvement.

Learn more about this review here: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.602548

Reference:

Dellero, Y. (2020). Manipulating Amino Acid Metabolism to Improve Crop Nitrogen Use Efficiency for a Sustainable Agriculture. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 602548.
Recent advances and remaining barriers to producing novel formulations of fungicides for safe and sustainable agriculture

While humans have been in a billion-year battle with resilient fungi since the dawn of farming, the authors explain that our modern weapons—fungicides—have become a double-edged sword. While these chemicals have been the cornerstone of boosting agricultural productivity, the researchers point out that their over-usage has led to serious health and environmental consequences.

As our global population grows and climate change makes crops more vulnerable, the study emphasizes the urgent need for a new generation of “smart” and eco-friendly formulations to combat increasing fungal resistance.

In this review, the authors provide a deep dive into the state of the art in fungicide technology, specifically focusing on the treatments used against the world’s ten most significant fungal pathogens (such as Magnaporthe oryzae and Botrytis cinerea).

They highlight that while the current research trend is shifting toward eco-friendly options, we are still facing a major “knowledge gap.” Specifically, the researchers note that there are very few studies tracking the ultimate fate of nano-shells in the soil or how these materials redistribute within plants after they are absorbed.

According to the study, without a holistic understanding of how these new technologies impact human and environmental exposure, we cannot fully ensure that our transition to sustainable agriculture is truly safe.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.035

Reference:

Tleuova, A. B., Wielogorska, E., Talluri, V. S. S. L. P., Štěpánek, F., Elliott, C. T., & Grigoriev, D. O. (2020). Recent advances and remaining barriers to producing novel formulations of fungicides for safe and sustainable agriculture. Journal of Controlled Release, 326, 468–481.
Farmers intention to adopt sustainable agriculture hinges on climate awareness: The case of Vietnamese coffee

While climate change is often discussed in global terms, the authors explain that for coffee farmers in Vietnam, it is a direct threat to their daily well-being and economic stability. The researchers point out that for major cash crops like coffee, adopting sustainable practices is no longer an option but a necessity for adapting to a changing environment.

To understand what motivates farmers to make these changes, the study analyzed 93 interviews in Ban Me Thuot, exploring how social pressure, personal confidence, and past experiences shape a farmer’s decision-making process.

According to the study, a farmer’s intention to adopt green practices is heavily driven by the expectations of their community and their own belief in their ability to successfully manage the work. The authors highlight that how a farmer perceives the reality of climate change acts as a powerful lens that influences all of these behavioral factors.

One of the most significant findings is that social trust and financial control are closely linked—farmers who trust their social circles and the scientific data they receive feel more capable of handling the financial costs of transitioning to sustainable methods.

Ultimately, the researchers emphasize the need to raise climate awareness while building stronger bonds of trust in both scientific information and community relationships to ensure that sustainable farming becomes the standard.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126828

Reference:

Nguyen, N., & Drakou, E. G. (2021). Farmers intention to adopt sustainable agriculture hinges on climate awareness: The case of Vietnamese coffee. Journal of Cleaner Production, 303, 126828.
Developing a Sustainable and Circular Bio-Based Economy in EU: By Partnering Across Sectors, Upscaling and Using New Knowledge Faster, and For the Benefit of Climate, Environment & Biodiversity, and People & Business

The authors provide an overview of the development of the EU bioeconomy between 2014 and 2020, presenting the vision for a new Circular Bio-based Economy (CBE).

The researchers point out that this framework aims to unlock the full potential of sustainably sourced biomass, crop residues, and industrial waste by transforming them into value-added products such as food, feed, bio-based chemicals, and fuels.

According to the study, the pillars of the CBE include biotechnology, microbial production, enzyme technology, and green chemistry, all supported by public-private partnerships and conducive policy frameworks.The study analyzes key drivers of the CBE, including biomass supply, biorefineries, and the critical need for climate change mitigation and biodiversity preservation.

The authors explain that while improved framework conditions can act as drivers, they may also become obstacles if they are not updated to accommodate circularity. Within the BBI-JU project portfolio, the researchers highlight a significant expansion into terrestrial and aquatic feedstocks, along with a broadening of the product portfolio to include high-value, health-promoting products for humans, animals, and soil.

The authors highlight that, unlike fossil resources, biological resources are available worldwide, allowing the CBE to be implemented in a just manner that stimulates rural development. The study concludes with recommendations for international collaborations, such as expanding partnerships between the EU and Africa to foster mutual growth in the circular bio-based sector.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.619066

Reference:

Lange, L., Connor, K. O., Arason, S., Bundgård-Jørgensen, U., Canalis, A., Carrez, D., Gallagher, J., Gøtke, N., Huyghe, C., Jarry, B., Llorente, P., Marinova, M., Martins, L. O., Mengal, P., Paiano, P., Panoutsou, C., Rodrigues, L., Stengel, D. B., Van Der Meer, Y., & Vieira, H. (2021). Developing a Sustainable and Circular Bio-Based Economy in EU: By Partnering Across Sectors, Upscaling and Using New Knowledge Faster, and For the Benefit of Climate, Environment & Biodiversity, and People & Business. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 8, 619066.
Empowering small farmers for sustainable agriculture: A human resource approach to SDG-driven training and innovation

While technical tools are essential, the authors explain that the most powerful engine for green farming might actually be the people behind the plow. In the face of a global push for sustainable agriculture, the researchers point out that governments and organizations urgently need to provide farmers with the knowledge required to meet the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

However, they argue that understanding exactly how training leads to real-world change among small-scale farmers remains a difficult challenge. By taking a human resource approach, the study examines the connections between training effectiveness and the specific psychological and demographic traits of the farmers themselves.

After surveying 331 small farmers involved in a large government-led program, the authors found that success isn’t just about a single lesson; instead, it requires long-term exposure to training, a genuine inner motivation to learn, and the farmers’ own capacity to innovate.

The researchers demonstrate that these factors together make training programs much more effective, helping to drive the widespread adoption of sustainable habits. Ultimately, the authors provide a new model—grounded in theories of motivation and education—that explains how the quality of training and a farmer’s mindset work together to achieve global sustainability targets.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-11-2023-0655

Reference:

Pandey, S. C., Modi, P., Pereira, V., & Fosso Wamba, S. (2025). Empowering small farmers for sustainable agriculture: A human resource approach to SDG-driven training and innovation. International Journal of Manpower, 46(4), 652–675.
Biostimulants: A sufficiently effective tool for sustainable agriculture in the era of climate change?

In an era of global instability and climate crisis, finding ways to protect our food supply without harming the planet has never been more urgent. The authors explain that climate change is currently a primary concern for the agricultural sector because it directly limits both the quantity and quality of our crops.

They point out that international political instability and ongoing conflicts are adding even more pressure on farmers to boost productivity quickly and sustainably. According to the researchers, biostimulants can be an effective tool in this fight by helping plants survive harsh environmental conditions like drought, high salt levels, heavy metals, and extreme temperatures.

The study describes how these substances work through complex internal mechanisms, such as changing gene expression, adjusting metabolism, and boosting the production of natural antioxidants to protect the plant from oxidative stress.

However, the authors also take a critical view, noting that the use of biostimulants has its limitations and should not be seen as a magic bullet. They emphasize that these tools must be used alongside proper crop management and other sustainable resources to truly ensure reliable yields.

Ultimately, the researchers argue for a broader, more integrated vision of sustainable agriculture that acknowledges both the potential and the boundaries of these technologies in our changing climate.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108699

Reference:

Zulfiqar, F., Moosa, A., Ali, H. M., Bermejo, N. F., & Munné-Bosch, S. (2024). Biostimulants: A sufficiently effective tool for sustainable agriculture in the era of climate change? Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 211, 108699.
A scoping review on incentives for adoption of sustainable agricultural practices and their outcomes

While we know we need to change how we farm to protect the planet, the authors explain that the real challenge lies in understanding what actually convinces a farmer to make that switch.

The researchers point out that as the pressure to feed a growing world increases, moving toward sustainable practices is no longer optional. In this massive scoping review of nearly 18,000 papers, the study examines how different incentives motivate farmers and whether these programs lead to real-world results for the environment and the economy.

The authors found that, regardless of the specific incentive, programs offering short-term financial boosts are adopted much faster than those that only focus on ecological benefits. However, when looking at the long term, the researchers found that farmers are most likely to stick with sustainable methods if they believe it will truly benefit their own land or the environment.

The study also highlights that simply offering money isn’t enough; technical assistance and hands-on support are essential for success. Ultimately, the authors conclude that policies work best when they are tailored to the specific people they are meant to help and when they carefully manage the balance between profit, social needs, and environmental health.

Learn more about this study: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-00617-y

Reference:

Piñeiro, V., Arias, J., Dürr, J., Elverdin, P., Ibáñez, A. M., Kinengyere, A., Opazo, C. M., Owoo, N., Page, J. R., Prager, S. D., & Torero, M. (2020). A scoping review on incentives for adoption of sustainable agricultural practices and their outcomes. Nature Sustainability, 3(10), 809–820.
Role of New Plant Breeding Technologies for Food Security and Sustainable Agricultural Development

While the Green Revolution changed how we feed the world, the author explains that new breeding technologies are now needed to address its shortcomings and secure a more sustainable future. The researcher points out that these new tools, which include both genetically modified and gene-edited crops, offer significant potential for agricultural development and global food security.

In this article, the author reviews the risks and the actual impacts observed so far, while also diving into the complex world of regulations. He notes that while the science behind these breakthroughs is exciting and already showing clear benefits, progress is often stalled by overregulation and public misunderstandings.

The study highlights that strict rules in Europe are particularly problematic, as they also affect developing countries in Africa and Asia that could benefit the most from these advancements. Ultimately, the author argues that for these technologies to truly help us meet our goals, we need significant regulatory reforms and a public debate that is grounded in scientific evidence rather than perception.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1002/aepp.13044

Reference:

Qaim, M. (2020). Role of New Plant Breeding Technologies for Food Security and Sustainable Agricultural Development. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 42(2), 129–150.
Long-term evidence for ecological intensification as a pathway to sustainable agriculture

While we often look for high-tech solutions to fix our food systems, the authors explain that returning to ecological principles might be the most reliable way to keep agriculture within a “safe operating space” for humanity.

By applying a new type of analysis to data from 30 long-term experiments across Europe and Africa, the researchers investigated how different ecological intensification practices interact with each other, as well as with nitrogen fertilizer and tillage. They confirm that specific methods—such as increasing crop diversity and adding organic matter or fertility-building crops—generally lead to higher yields for staple foods.

However, the study reveals an important trade-off: these ecological practices have a largely substitutive relationship with nitrogen fertilizer. This means that while they significantly increase yields when fertilizer doses are low, they have minimal or no effect when high amounts of fertilizer are already being used.

The authors also point out that these ecological methods perform consistently across various levels of tillage, and they found that reducing tillage did not strongly impact overall yields. Ultimately, the researchers suggest that focusing on these ecological strategies offers a proven pathway toward more sustainable and resilient farming.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-022-00911-x

Reference:

MacLaren, C., Mead, A., Van Balen, D., Claessens, L., Etana, A., De Haan, J., Haagsma, W., Jäck, O., Keller, T., Labuschagne, J., Myrbeck, Å., Necpalova, M., Nziguheba, G., Six, J., Strauss, J., Swanepoel, P. A., Thierfelder, C., Topp, C., Tshuma, F., … Storkey, J. (2022). Long-term evidence for ecological intensification as a pathway to sustainable agriculture. Nature Sustainability, 5(9), 770–779.
The role of renewable energy and natural resources for sustainable agriculture in ASEAN countries: Do carbon emissions and deforestation affect agriculture productivity?

The shift toward the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015 put a global spotlight on how we manage our planet, yet the authors explain that in Southeast Asia, environmental damage is already taking a measurable toll on the region’s ability to produce food.

This study examines how agricultural productivity—a vital part of reaching those global goals—is impacted by factors like carbon emissions, deforestation, and the use of renewable energy across the ten ASEAN countries. By analyzing regional data, the researchers found that environmental degradation, specifically through CO2emissions, directly reduces agricultural productivity in the area.

Interestingly, the authors point out that both forest area and natural resource variables also show a negative effect on the sector’s productivity in this specific context, while the shift toward renewable energy sources provides a clear positive contribution.

Even though these countries are some of the most integrated in the world, the study reveals that regional cooperation has not yet managed to boost agricultural output. The researchers also confirmed a strong two-way relationship between the use of renewable energy and farming success.

Ultimately, the authors provide specific policy recommendations for governments in the region to help them improve their environmental performance and meet their 2030 sustainability targets.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102578

Reference:

Chopra, R., Magazzino, C., Shah, M. I., Sharma, G. D., Rao, A., & Shahzad, U. (2022). The role of renewable energy and natural resources for sustainable agriculture in ASEAN countries: Do carbon emissions and deforestation affect agriculture productivity? Resources Policy, 76, 102578.
Plant-Microbe Interaction in Sustainable Agriculture: The Factors That May Influence the Efficacy of PGPM Application

While the world is under pressure to produce more food than ever, the authors explain that our long-term reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides has left a trail of environmental damage that we can no longer ignore.

To meet the soaring global food demand in the coming decades, the researchers point out that we need farming systems that are both more productive and more efficient than those of the past. They highlight that recent studies have identified plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPMs) as a powerful, eco-friendly alternative that could eventually replace many products from the chemical industry.

However, the authors explain that these natural solutions often produce inconsistent results in the field because of the incredibly complex relationships they form with the surrounding environment, the soil, and other existing microorganisms. Because these biological interactions—involving both living and non-living factors—are so intricate, the effectiveness of these treatments can vary significantly.

In this review, the authors analyze the primary factors that determine how well these microbes actually work and explore the specific ways they can be used to drive a successful transition toward agroecology. Ultimately, the researchers aim to provide a clearer understanding of how these microbes can be turned into a reliable tool for a more sustainable agricultural future.

Learn more about this review here: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042253

Reference:

Malgioglio, G., Rizzo, G. F., Nigro, S., Lefebvre Du Prey, V., Herforth-Rahmé, J., Catara, V., & Branca, F. (2022). Plant-Microbe Interaction in Sustainable Agriculture: The Factors That May Influence the Efficacy of PGPM Application. Sustainability, 14(4), 2253.
Advancing Sustainable Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review for Optimizing Food Production and Environmental Conservation

The authors explain that advances in sustainable agriculture are essential for simultaneously optimizing food production and preserving the environment. The researchers point out that as the global population increases, ensuring food security has become a paramount issue.

While conventional farming techniques are effective for mass production, the study argues that they pose serious threats to sustainability due to excessive resource use, pollution, and the degradation of biodiversity. According to the review, sustainable agriculture promotes practices that are environmentally friendly, economically viable, and socially equitable.

The researchers highlight the application of advanced technologies, including precision farming, genetically modified crops for higher yield and disease resistance, and the integration of renewable energy sources. The authors also emphasize agroecological practices such as crop rotation, organic farming, and agroforestry, which contribute to enhancing soil fertility and reducing the use of synthetic pesticides.

Furthermore, the study supports the use of local resources and traditional knowledge to maintain ecological balance. Finally, the review underscores the crucial role of policy support, farmer training, and public awareness in promoting these practices, concluding that the adoption of sustainable agriculture is a necessity for ensuring future food security and environmental conservation.

Learn more about this study: https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i163169

Reference:

Saikanth, D. R. K., Supriya, Singh, B. V., Rai, A. K., Bana, S. R., Sachan, D. S., & Singh, B. (2023). Advancing Sustainable Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review for Optimizing Food Production and Environmental Conservation. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 35(16), 417–425.
Biosensors to support sustainable agriculture and food safety

Ensuring that the food we eat is safe is a challenge that affects every person on the planet, but the authors explain that we still need better and more affordable ways to detect hidden contaminants.

While food safety remains a major hurdle for human health, the researchers point out that biosensors have long been viewed as a key part of the solution. They emphasize that recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology, miniaturization, and the Internet of Things are now boosting these tools to a level where they will certainly play a leading role in addressing global food risks.

However, the study highlights a surprising gap: most of this technology has not yet been adapted to work across the entire food supply chain, often neglecting important areas like sustainable farming practices and the prevention of food fraud. In this review, the authors look at the most recent developments from 2015 to 2019 to show how biosensors are finally beginning to tackle these broader issues.

Ultimately, they argue that we need new, integrated strategies to move these tools into the global market, ensuring that our food systems are not only safe but also sustainably managed from start to finish.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2020.115906

Reference:

Griesche, C., & Baeumner, A. J. (2020). Biosensors to support sustainable agriculture and food safety. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 128, 115906.
Sustainable agriculture by the Internet of Things – A practitioner’s approach to monitor sustainability progress

Technology like the Internet of Things is often praised for its potential, but the authors explain that measuring its actual impact on the ground remains a major challenge for the agricultural sector. While digital tools hold great promise for meeting economic, environmental, and social goals, the researchers point out that it is often difficult to prove exactly how much they contribute to sustainable development in practice.

To address this, the paper demonstrates a step-by-step approach that allows people to measure and monitor how these technologies perform in real-life settings. This method is based on the UN Sustainable Development Goals and frames the impact of technology in terms of actual business opportunities.

The authors developed and tested this approach through 33 different cases in a large European project, specifically highlighting five examples from various types of farming to show how it works. Their results show that while the Internet of Things generally has a positive effect on sustainability, these outcomes are sometimes influenced by outside factors that are hard to separate from the technology itself.

Ultimately, the researchers provide a practical set of instruments that help farmers make better decisions and assist policymakers and investors in deciding which projects to fund. By offering a clear way to track fast-changing tech, the study aims to ensure that digital solutions truly support long-term sustainability objectives.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.107226

Reference:

Wolfert, S., & Isakhanyan, G. (2022). Sustainable agriculture by the Internet of Things – A practitioner’s approach to monitor sustainability progress. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 200, 107226.
Engineering rhizobacteria for sustainable agriculture

While we often think of farming as just seeds and soil, the authors explain that the invisible world of bacteria living around plant roots could be the key to feeding our rapidly growing population. They point out that using “plant growth-promoting” bacteria as crop treatments could drive a new era of sustainable farming, yet these beneficial microbes often fail to perform consistently in the real world.

According to the researchers, this happens because the bacteria struggle to survive in unfamiliar soils, fail to attach to the right plants, or sometimes carry genetic traits that actually suppress their own helpful qualities. Although the exact genetics behind these hurdles are still being mapped out, the authors highlight that we now understand the molecular mechanics of how these bacteria help plants in great detail.

To solve these problems, the study explores a powerful new strategy: engineering these specific traits and transferring them into bacteria that are already known to thrive in the field. The researchers are even looking into “synthetic signaling,” a way to create a private conversation between a plant and a specific type of bacteria to ensure they work together perfectly while staying contained within the target area.

Ultimately, the authors review the ecological and technical sides of this research, suggesting that custom-tailored bacteria could finally provide the reliable boost that sustainable agriculture needs.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-00835-4

Reference:

Haskett, T. L., Tkacz, A., & Poole, P. S. (2021). Engineering rhizobacteria for sustainable agriculture. The ISME Journal, 15(4), 949–964.
Nano-biofertilizers as bio-emerging strategies for sustainable agriculture development: Potentiality and their limitations

While our modern food systems rely heavily on synthetic chemicals, the authors explain that a 21st-century technological revolution might finally offer a way to protect our planet and our food supply at the same time.

They point out that climate emergencies and our long-term dependence on synthetic fertilizers have created serious risks for the environment, soil health, and the delicate balance of microorganisms in the ground. To address these drawbacks, the researchers highlight the emergence of nano-biofertilizers (NBF), which combine the precision of nanotechnology with the natural power of biofertilizers.

According to the study, these tools are not just a way to safeguard global food security as the population grows, but they also represent a much more economically and environmentally sustainable alternative to traditional methods.

The authors describe how these fertilizers are made by encapsulating inorganic materials like zinc or silver, or organic ones like cellulose, using “green” microbial synthesis to avoid the contamination caused by conventional chemicals. Although the use of these “smart” fertilizers is still in its early stages, the researchers argue that they have the potential to completely transform farming into a more precise and resilient system.

This review provides a deep dive into how these NBFs are created and how they interact with plants to help them survive the stresses of a changing climate. Ultimately, the authors summarize the latest field applications for precision farming while discussing the current bottlenecks and the future trends needed to make these potent tools a reality for global agriculture.

Learn more about this review here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160476

Reference:

Sharma, B., Tiwari, S., Kumawat, K. C., & Cardinale, M. (2023). Nano-biofertilizers as bio-emerging strategies for sustainable agriculture development: Potentiality and their limitations. Science of The Total Environment, 860, 160476.
A systematic literature review on machine learning applications for sustainable agriculture supply chain performance

While data is often associated with offices and computers, the authors explain that it may actually be the most important tool we have to protect the future of global food security. They emphasize that while agriculture is the backbone of all human activity, it is currently facing massive threats from a growing population and intense competition for natural resources.

To tackle these increasingly complex problems, the researchers argue that we must lean into smart farming and precision agriculture. They highlight that data analytics—specifically disruptive technologies like machine learning, big data, and blockchain—are the keys to ensuring we have enough safe food while protecting our environment. These tools can address a wide range of issues, from boosting crop yields and saving water to maintaining the health of plants and soil.

In this study, the authors conducted a systematic review of 93 research papers to analyze how machine learning is specifically applied across different stages of the agricultural supply chain. They illustrate how these techniques can lead to more sustainable systems and even propose a new framework for putting these ideas into practice. According to the study, machine learning provides real-time insights that allow for proactive, data-driven decisions rather than just reacting to problems after they happen.

Ultimately, the authors provide a set of guidelines for researchers and policymakers to help manage these supply chains more successfully, aiming for a balance of high productivity and better environmental stewardship.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2020.104926

Reference:

Sharma, R., Kamble, S. S., Gunasekaran, A., Kumar, V., & Kumar, A. (2020). A systematic literature review on machine learning applications for sustainable agriculture supply chain performance. Computers & Operations Research, 119, 104926.
Unlocking plant resources to support food security and promote sustainable agriculture

While we rely on just a handful of crops to feed the world, the authors explain that thousands of edible plants are effectively hidden in plain sight, waiting to help solve the global food crisis.

As our population grows, the researchers point out that humanity is facing a double challenge of both hunger and obesity. They argue that biodiversity is essential to addressing this, though it requires a much deeper understanding of the food resources available to us globally.

According to the study, there are at least 7,039 edible plant species, which stands in a huge contrast to the small number of crops that currently provide most of our calories and nutrients. The authors note that most of these species are multipurpose, frequently used for medicine, building materials, or environmental protection.

While major food crops are concentrated in specific centers of diversity, the researchers find that other edible plants follow natural biodiversity patterns, with the highest variety found near the equator. Even though many of these species are being preserved in conservation banks, the authors highlight that at least 11% of them are currently threatened with extinction.

To move forward, the study suggests focusing on these neglected and underutilized species to spark a new, community-driven “green revolution” that is more resilient and sustainable. They also explore how fungi could help diversify our diets and increase nutritional value.

Ultimately, the authors conclude that these plants and the traditional knowledge surrounding them are a massive untapped resource for food security, but unlocking them will require much stronger collaboration between all stakeholders.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10145

Reference:

Ulian, T., Diazgranados, M., Pironon, S., Padulosi, S., Liu, U., Davies, L., Howes, M. R., Borrell, J. S., Ondo, I., Pérez‐Escobar, O. A., Sharrock, S., Ryan, P., Hunter, D., Lee, M. A., Barstow, C., Łuczaj, Ł., Pieroni, A., Cámara‐Leret, R., Noorani, A., … Mattana, E. (2020). Unlocking plant resources to support food security and promote sustainable agriculture. PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET, 2(5), 421–445.
Optimizing sustainable agriculture: A comprehensive review of agronomic practices and their impacts on soil attributes

While we often focus on the crops we see above ground, the authors explain that the true secret to long-term food security lies in how we manage the soil beneath our feet.

This study explores how various agronomic management practices affect different soil parameters under a wide range of conditions. The researchers investigate several key methods, including tillage practices, nutrient management, crop rotation, organic matter handling, irrigation, and mulching, aiming to show how these impact soil productivity, microbial activity, and overall health.

They point out that different ways of plowing the land can change soil quality by affecting compaction and erosion risks, while proper nutrient management is essential for healthy cycling and preventing soil acidification.

According to the study, rotating crops helps disrupt pest cycles and improves nutrient recycling, whereas managing organic matter boosts the soil’s carbon levels and its ability to hold onto water. The authors also highlight that optimizing irrigation regulates water content without causing waterlogging, and using mulch helps maintain soil structure and temperature for the benefit of local soil biology.

Ultimately, the researchers emphasize that an integrated approach to these practices has a significantly positive impact on fertility and microbial life. They conclude that a thoughtful implementation of these methods is vital for sustainable agriculture, identifying a path forward that balances high crop yields with resilient soil stewardship for future generations.

Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121487

Reference:

Al-Shammary, A. A. G., Al-Shihmani, L. S. S., Fernández-Gálvez, J., & Caballero-Calvo, A. (2024). Optimizing sustainable agriculture: A comprehensive review of agronomic practices and their impacts on soil attributes. Journal of Environmental Management, 364, 121487.
Water‐soluble polymers in agriculture: Xanthan gum as eco‐friendly alternative to synthetics

While water-soluble polymers (WSPs) are versatile chemicals used across industries for thickening and stabilizing, the authors explain that synthetic versions—often termed “microplastics”—are under increasing scrutiny due to environmental concerns and tightening regulations.

The researchers point out that microbial polysaccharides, specifically xanthan gum, represent an advantageous compromise between synthetic and plant-derived materials because their properties can be precisely controlled through fermentation.

According to the study, xanthan gum is the most significant microbial polysaccharide by production volume and offers several sustainable applications in 21st-century agriculture:

Drift Control: As a spray adjuvant, it prevents the formation of fine, driftable droplets and is particularly resistant to mechanical shear.

Encapsulation: It is used in formulations to modify the release of agents or provide them with additional protection.

Soil Improvement: When added to soil, xanthan gum has been shown to increase water retention while reducing evaporation, percolation, and erosion.

Ultimately, the authors provide practical formulation tips to help exploit the full potential of xanthan gum as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic polymers.

Learn more about this study: https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13867

Reference:

Berninger, T., Dietz, N., & González López, Ó. (2021). Water‐soluble polymers in agriculture: Xanthan gum as eco‐friendly alternative to synthetics. Microbial Biotechnology, 14(5), 1881–1896.
Insect frass in the development of sustainable agriculture. A review.

Could the waste from one of the world’s newest industries be the secret to a greener food system?

As the global population keeps growing, the industrial farming of insects for food and feed is becoming a much more efficient way to produce protein than traditional livestock. In these facilities, the waste produced by insects—known as frass—is a major byproduct, with volumes reaching up to 40 times the amount of actual animal weight produced. Because there is so much of it, using this waste as an organic fertilizer instead of synthetic chemicals is a practical way to move toward sustainable agriculture and a circular economy.

A full review of the research shows that using insect frass as a natural fertilizer offers several benefits: it adds vital nutrients like nitrogen that plants can easily take in, provides natural molecules and tiny organisms that help crops grow, and makes plants stronger against harsh weather, diseases, and pests. Ultimately, the waste from large-scale insect farming stands out as a reliable and effective source of organic fertilizer for the future of farming.

Learn more about the results of this review here: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-020-00656-x

Reference

Poveda, J. (2021). Insect frass in the development of sustainable agriculture. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 41(1), 5.